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What Is A Court-Martial?

A court-martial is a military criminal trial. The military has jurisdiction to prosecute service members for any violation of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). You have the right to a military court-martial defense attorney. Contact us if you want a military lawyer with the experience to defend you against anything. Steph and Abby have defended and prosecuted hundreds of trials and are two of the most knowledgeable military attorneys you can find.

Crimes committed under the UCMJ are considered federal crimes. The military has jurisdiction over its members everywhere in the world. That means service members can face a court-martial for violations that occur on or off a military installation.

Some of the UCMJ Articles are the same or very similar to civilian crimes, such as assault, larceny, and homicide. Many are military crimes, such as absent without leave (Article 86) or disrespect toward a superior commissioned officer (Article 89).

Regardless of the crime, you’ll want a court-martial lawyer who knows the military justice system. When you hire us, you are hiring a team that is committed to defending your rights, protecting your freedom, and helping you fight back.

Types Of Court-Martial

There are three types of court-martial and they all have slightly different rules.

1.  General Court-Martial (GCM)

A general court-martial is the highest level of court-martial involving the most serious offenses. Before a general court-martial can be convened, there must be a preliminary hearing pursuant to Article 32, UCMJ. After the Article 32 hearing, the Preliminary Hearing Officer (PHO) makes a recommendation to the General Court-Martial Convening Authority, who may then choose to convene a court-martial. A general court-martial can adjudge any sentence up to the maximum sentence for each offense prescribed by the UCMJ. The trial consists of a military judge, trial counsel, defense counsel, and a panel of members. A conviction at a general court-martial is a federal conviction.

2.  Special Court-Martial (SPCM)

A special court-martial is used to try what would generally be considered misdemeanor offenses. A special court-martial has limits on what maximum punishment can be imposed, regardless of the maximum punishment for an offense listed in the Manual for Courts-Martial. For example, a single use of marijuana carries a maximum punishment of a dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 2 years. In a special court-martial, the maximum sentence would be a bad conduct discharge, forfeiture of 2/3 pay per month for 12 months, and confinement for one year. The trial consists of a military judge, trial counsel, defense counsel, and a panel of members.

You can also have your case referred to a special court-martial by Military Judge alone, which has even more restrictions on the maximum punishment. Some people refer to these trials as a “short-martial.” In every case, if you are found guilty and convicted at a special court-martial, it is a federal conviction.

3.  Summary Court-Martial (SCM)

A summary court-martial is reserved for minor offenses committed by enlisted service members. The enlisted member must agree to be tried at the summary court-martial, though if the member disagrees, a general or special court-martial may be preferred against them. An officer may not be tried at a summary court-martial. The punishments are limited, and a conviction at a summary court-martial is not a conviction for civilian purposes.

Court-Martial Consequences

The maximum punishment that can be imposed at a court-martial varies by the type of court-martial and the specific offenses that have been charged. A punitive discharge at a court-martial is a bad conduct discharge, dishonorable discharge, or dismissal (for officers). Confinement can be adjudged, though a sentence to confinement of more than 10 years requires concurrence of three-fourths of the members. Other punishments include reduction to the lowest enlisted pay grade, restriction, a reprimand, and forfeitures of all pay and allowances. Some offenses allow for a sentence to death with the concurrence of all the members.

Other consequences of a court-martial involved registration as a sex offender or loss of the ability to own a firearm. These are very serious consequences that should be aggressively defended against by a defense attorney.

A Different Type Of Justice System

The military justice system is unique and complex. Service members facing court-martial charges have the right to be represented by a civilian defense lawyer at no expense to the government. The choice of a civilian attorney is very important.  It is essential that you retain an attorney who has the experience, dedication, and passion to defend them against charges brought by the military. At Kral Military Defense, we give your case the time and attention you deserve. You’ll have a legal team like no other on your side to protect your rights.

Contact An Experienced Military Lawyer Today

For a free consultation, call (855) 707-8265 or use the online contact form.

Kral Military Defense

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Kral Military Defense
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4.9
Gabriel Smith
When I set out to find the best civilian military defense team in the country, I turned to AI to guide my search and it didn’t disappoint. That’s how I found Karl Military Defense and their powerhouse team: Abby, Lindsey, Stephanie, and Danielle.

From day one, these women were firing on all cylinders. Despite a significant time zone difference and minimal information from the prosecution, they maintained flawless communication, razor-sharp strategy, and a level of professionalism that was simply unmatched. Every obstacle was met with skill, precision, and unwavering determination.

Their motto, “Defending those who defend America,” isn’t just a slogan—it’s a mission they embody in every move they make. I’m truly grateful to have crossed paths with such a group of badass women. Their dedication, brilliance, and fierce advocacy left me inspired, so much so that I’ve decided to pursue a career in their field.

Thank you, Karl Military Defense. You’re more than attorneys—you’re a force!
Stephanie Raabe
When facing the daunting challenge of protecting your military service, Kral Military Defense stands out as the premier choice. In what is likely to be one of the most difficult periods of your life, the team at Kral, led by Steph, Abby, Danielle, and Lindsey, will provide you with the expert representation and candid emotional support you need. This cohesive team of consummate professionals is well-versed in handling complex legal matters, as well as the emotional toll that comes with them.

Their approach is characterized by honesty and transparency, providing you with a straightforward assessment of your case and a realistic understanding of the potential outcomes. With their extensive experience and reputation within the military JAG community, they are highly respected and sought after by military defense professionals.

I was fortunate enough to be referred to Steph Kral by a Navy JAG, and I am grateful for the decision to work with them. The entire team at Kral is not only exceptional in their field, but they are also compassionate and genuine individuals who will treat you with the respect and empathy you deserve.

In a time of great uncertainty, the team at Kral will be your steadfast advocates, working tirelessly to protect your military career and reputation. I am deeply thankful for their expertise, guidance, and support, and I highly recommend them to anyone facing a similar challenge. Thank you to everyone at Kral for your exceptional service and for helping me navigate this difficult time.
Ron H
Extremely recommended. Will keep you level headed and work hard for you.
Rico Ruiz
100% professional and timely. Abbigayle and Danielle walked me through every step. They were monsters, coming in swinging and more blood thirsty than a 1986 Mike Tyson. If you want someone in your corner that goes in with “naval guns”, then these are your gals.
Curley Harris
Worth.Every.Dollar.
Victoria Jones
Wow! Danielle from this Firm has been nothing short of AMAZING! She helped me get to the bottom of my issue with one of my legal forms in the Military, and gave me more Hope to my specific case! She was relentless and offered her help in every way. She was prompt on our call, diligent and very responsive. I really appreciate everything and I'm excited for the future! Thank you Kral Military Defense for your help along this journey! I'm glad I was recommended to you!!!
Ryan Couzens
I am a criminal defense attorney in Northern California; I have had multiple clients with potential military issues with their criminal case. I researched military law attorneys and found she came highly reviewed. These military law questions require particular expertise to see how they can affect my clients, and Stephanie Kral always responded timely with great advice to help my clients. Whenever I have a military question, I contact Stephanie Kral.
Jeffrey Johnston
Stephanie and the Kral Military Defense firm did an excellent job fighting my NILD (not in the line of duty) determination. They are extremely knowledgeable and professional. The rebuttal that they wrote convinced the appointing authority to reverse their decision and I am not on track to receive the benefits that I earned. I highly recommend this firm for any military related matters.
Dallas Howell
Stephanie was very kind and always gave great advice. She responded to all my questions in a timely manner. 10/10 recommend.
Fred
If you are reading this more than likely you are in desperation mode and looking for a military defense lawyer. STOP looking, you found steph and her team. From the go i was taken care of, every question answered and every worry put at ease. The way steph strategized and wrote my defense i could not have done myself nor i think any jag would have done it. I remember sitting across from her very worried and nervous, she asked what was i worried about and i named off a couple corncerns, she went on to explain them all and why i should not worry because she had it handled. There is no price for that feeling. Her and her teams many years of experience is what you need. Thank you steph. I can now move on and reach that finish line.
DeAndre Fletcher
Good morning, Afternoon or Evening to all.
I recently had Stephanie, Lindsey and Danielle as my defense counsel team. They were very professional, approachable and available to assist, give information and be readily available. Nothing but a wonderful experience, definitely help me keep my stress levels at bay while dealing with the legal process regarding my case. I am keep their contact information on hand for anyone who will ever need there services. Highly recommended.
Beautiful
I found myself in an unfortunate situation where I was in desperate need for a military defense attorney. Steph, Abbey and Danielle are a POWERHOUSE together. They’re so knowledgeable and professional. I just remember being told that I was getting an automatic ADSEP and all I can say is that I’m still here with an amazing outcome. I highly recommend if you want to save your military career, especially if you find yourself feeling hopeless about your legal situation 100% retain this law firm you won’t regret it. I am beyond grateful to have had KMD on my side.
Thank you so much again for a fantastic job!:) Teiona B
Candice Thompson
I found myself in an unfortunate situation where I was desperate for an attorney. I am so glad that I found KMD. Steph is a POWERHOUSE and didn't back down during the entire case. She is so knowledgeable and uses her knowledge to your advantage. I could not recommend her more, especially if you find yourself feeling hopeless about a legal case. I am beyond grateful to have met Steph and have her on my side.
Jasmine Rodriguez
Found myself in an unfortunate situation where I was in need of a lawyer. Luckily when I did a google search Kral Military Defense was the first website to pop up. If you are willing to fight for your name and career, then look no further Kral Military Defense is who you want on your side. Stephaine and her team are very knowledgeable and professional.
matthew larason
Kral Military Defenses has my highest recommendation! If you are a service member and need an attorney who is responsive, intelligent, and treats you like a person, not just a number. She is the attorney for you.

I was on deployment when I needed an attorney. Kral Military Defense took care of my legal affairs while I was out to sea. It was a weight off my shoulders knowing she was handling my situation back home while I was gone.

When my chain of command was putting unnecessary limitations on my liberty because of my legal situation. She went above and beyond by contacted my ship and was able to get them lifted.

Kral Military Defense was able to resolve my situation with no action taken against myself. If I ever need of a defense attorney ever again I'm 100% coming back to Kral Military Defense.
graham de la garza
My local Military Defense Counsel is very short staffed so I had trouble getting a hold of them. Not wanting to wait I contacted Ms. Danielle Espinosa over the weekend and she was able to help review and discuss my response with me before it was due Monday. She was extremely knowledgeable, cut the fluff and told me like it was. I recommend anyone serious about the future of their Military Career to work with this team. Thank you for your help!
Chad S.
When I retained Ms. Kral, I was a nervous wreck. As she worked with me over the course of 18 months, she was compassionate and was able to assure me that I would have a future. Even my command JAG assured me I’d be alright when I hired her. I couldn’t have asked for a better outcome with my case. Ms. Kral should be your choice if you need a military defense attorney.
Rufus Byrd
Abbigayle Hunter and her legal team, especially Danielle Espinosa, were exceptional! The communication was prompt, professional, and thorough. From the moment we reached out to them, they showed a genuine interest in understanding our case and providing us with the best legal representation possible.

Abbigayle Hunter and Danielle Espinosa, went above and beyond to ensure that we were kept informed throughout the entire legal process. They promptly responded to our emails and phone calls, addressing any concerns or questions we had. Their attention to detail and extensive knowledge of the law instilled confidence in us that we were in capable hands.

Not only did Abbigayle Hunter and her team provide us with excellent communication, but they also displayed a remarkable level of expertise. They meticulously examined every aspect of our case, leaving no stone unturned. Their dedication and commitment to our case were evident in the meticulous research they conducted, the thorough documentation they prepared, and the persuasive arguments they presented.

Abbigayle Hunter not only possessed an impressive understanding of the law but also had excellent negotiation skills. Her tirelessly advocated on our behalf, ensuring that our interests were protected and our rights were upheld. Their ability to navigate complex legal matters and maneuver through any obstacles that arose was truly remarkable.
Kourtni Bernicky
Stephanie and her team were AMAZING! I found her through a mutual friend and she handled my case with care and compassion. Even her team checked on me, answered all my questions I had, overall she made sure everything was token care of during the ENTIRE process! When she told me “don’t you worry, that’s my job” I truly believe her and in the end she got the results that I am so grateful for! Hopefully I won’t have to go through the process again but if I have to she will most definitely be the woman I WILL call on! Thank you so much Stephanie and Danielle you both made this process a lot less stressful with your knowledge and compassion towards me and my case!!!
Jonathon Lynch
Steph and her team worked diligently to ensure all evidence or lack there of was thoroughly examined. Her knowledge and experience within the military justice system gave me piece of mind throughout the process as she was well versed in the way everything played out. My family and I are grateful for the hard work and professionalism displayed by everyone on her team. Thank you!
Marcos Maldonado
Steph was the first and clear choice to handle my ADSEP board. I was facing serious allegations, which she handled with professionalism while keeping me posted along the way. Her expertise in UCMJ matters is second to none. Without her I would have probably lost my retirement benefits.
Jameel Yusuf
Stephanie is very experienced and a great attorney.
Tim Malikie
There are many things that I could say about this particular law firm, but instead of going into the weeds on my particular case, I feel as though brevity would be the best choice here. I was primarily represented by Ms. Abbigayle Hunter, and in short, I believe the representation by Ms. Hunter was above reproach. I couldn’t have asked for a better legal professional to handle the complexities of my particular case. She was transparent, punctual, and actually made me feel as though she was personally invested, despite the fact that she had already been paid for representation. She didn’t sugarcoat hard truths and was very up front about all different aspects relating to my case. It was comforting in a way that she was also a fellow service member, and it made me feel as though she took this case to heart and it added another level of drive to the case. Ms. Hunter has a certain tenacity in the courtroom that I found very refreshing to witness, and I would strongly recommend her to anyone else seeking legal advice. Would actively seek to be represented by her again, though also hoping it’s never needed.
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About The Firm

Kral Military Defense defends members of America's military throughout the world. We do not maintain physical office space in the traditional sense. Instead, we offer secure video and telephone consultations and meet with current clients, as needed, at home and abroad.

KMD practices in Washington D.C. under D.C. App. R. 49, limiting the practice only to federal military courts in which we are admitted to practice providing services authorized under Rule 49(c)(3). No attorney is admitted to the Washington D.C. Bar, which is not required for our federal military practice.

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San Diego, CA 92108

The information on this website is for general information purposes only. Nothing on this site should be taken as legal advice for any individual case or situation. This information is not intended to create, and receipt or viewing does not constitute, an attorney-client relationship. Nothing on this site should create an expectation of any particular outcome or result. Every case is unique.

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